They create the most mesmerizing scenes in our oceans, and help maintain the delicate balance of the marine ecosystem sitting at the top of the food chain . Yet they are deeply misunderstood creatures. It’s a shame that their beautiful diversity remains hidden in the shadows of fear.

Over 530 shark species are roaming our oceans. Since 400 million years ago, they have been apex predators, and therefore play an indispensable role in maintaining the natural balance and biodiversity of our oceans. Their sizes range from whalesharks, the largest fish of all that can reach more than eighteen  meters in length, to lanternsharks that can fit into the palm of your hand. Meanwhile, kitefin sharks light up the deep sea with their bioluminescence, while zebra sharks have striped skin as juveniles that changes to a sleek, leopard-like pattern as they grow.

They regulate the populations of species below them in the food chain, ensuring no single species dominates and disrupts the ecological balance. Additionally, many shark species undertake extensive migrations, covering thousands of miles over their lifetime. These movements ensure the redistribution of nutrients throughout marine ecosystems, contributing to the overall productivity and health of our oceans.

Yet, an estimated 100 million sharks are killed every year. Shark fin trade is a huge part of the modern economy. In China, eating shark fins has been a sign of wealth ever since. An unsettling number of approximately 70 shark species experienced an estimated 70% decrease in their population due to fin trade, causing a ripple effect in the marine ecosystem.

Conservation: 

In shark conservation, shifting perspectives is key. Thanks to the art of storytelling, sharks become perceived as human-eating monsters. But in fact, everyone can play a part in changing how these creatures are perceived and protected. Simple actions, such as reducing single-use plastics, avoiding shark products like shark fin soup, and supporting sustainable seafood, make a difference. Spreading awareness about the ecological importance of sharks helps shift the narrative away from fear and toward appreciation. By advocating for protected marine areas and learning more about sharks, people can support global efforts to protect these misunderstood animals. Meanwhile, organizations like Saving the Blue, Lamave, and Gili Shark Conservation are taking conservation to new levels by combining research, advocacy, and education. Through shark tagging, they gather essential data to understand shark behavior and how it is changed by human-made threats. Their work has led to the establishment of marine protected areas, restrictions on unsustainable shark fishing, and even bans on shark fin soup at official events. Importantly, these organizations actively engage the public through innovative educational programs, including hands-on activities and training in marine science. They focus on reaching diverse audiences—youth, minority groups, service members, veterans, and their families—ensuring that the message of shark conservation is accessible and impactful. Everyone of us can support these groups by donating, volunteering or spreading their messages and missions.  

Article by: Carolina Leiter

Photographs by: Sabine M. Probst